{"id":26443,"date":"2026-02-14T17:35:21","date_gmt":"2026-02-14T10:35:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/?p=26443"},"modified":"2026-02-16T00:10:15","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T17:10:15","slug":"business-partner-fraud-thailand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/business-partner-fraud-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"What to Do If Your Business Partner Commits Fraud? Legal Guidance for Entrepreneurs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/business-partner-commits-fraud-1024x683.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-26444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/business-partner-commits-fraud-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/business-partner-commits-fraud-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/business-partner-commits-fraud-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/business-partner-commits-fraud-120x80.png 120w, https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/business-partner-commits-fraud.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>By Pattarapongpun Singkhamharn | Attorney-at-Law (Thailand)<br>Corporate &amp; Commercial Practice<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e0b85c;color:#e0b85c\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Being defrauded by a business partner or company director is a serious issue, particularly in closely held companies with only a few shareholders. Such misconduct can directly affect cash flow, reputation, and the long-term stability of the business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This article provides a structured overview of the legal steps available under Thai law, including relevant statutory provisions, to help business owners make informed decisions before taking action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> If the matter involves complex transactions, multiple entities, or layered asset transfers, professional legal advice should be obtained before proceeding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Constitutes Business Partner Fraud?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Embezzlement of company funds<\/strong> \u2013 transferring money to personal accounts or withdrawing funds without legitimate business reasons<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Falsification or alteration of accounting records<\/strong> \u2013 concealing income\/expenses or creating false entries<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Unauthorized transactions<\/strong> \u2013 signing contracts, borrowing funds, or selling company assets without proper authority or required resolutions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Misuse of confidential business information<\/strong> \u2013 using client lists, formulas, or pricing strategies to compete against the company<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lack of transparency<\/strong> \u2013 refusing to provide access to financial records or corporate documents<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relevant Laws Under Thai Law<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1) Civil and Commercial Code (Directors\u2019 Duties and Liability)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Section 1168<\/strong> \u2013 Directors must perform their duties with honesty, good faith, and reasonable care.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Section 1169<\/strong> \u2013 If a director causes damage to the company, the company may claim compensation from the director. Shareholders may also bring an action on behalf of the company if the company fails to act.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2) Thai Penal Code (Criminal Liability)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Section 352<\/strong> \u2013 Embezzlement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Section 353<\/strong> \u2013 Embezzlement by a person entrusted with property<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Section 264<\/strong> \u2013 Forgery of documents<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Steps to Take If You Suspect Business Partner Fraud<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1: Systematically Gather Evidence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Financial statements and accounting records<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Company bank statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contracts, quotations, tax invoices related to suspicious transactions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Board and shareholder resolutions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Relevant communications (emails, LINE messages, internal memos)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tip:<\/strong> Prepare a chronological timeline of events, including dates and transaction amounts. This significantly helps in legal evaluation and case preparation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2: Review Signing Authority and Company Regulations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Examine the company affidavit, articles of association, and signing authority requirements. Determine whether the disputed transaction exceeded the director\u2019s authorized power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3: Convene a Shareholders\u2019 or Board Meeting<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Resolve to investigate suspicious transactions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Appoint an auditor or financial expert<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pass a resolution to initiate legal proceedings (civil and\/or criminal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4: Send a Formal Demand Letter<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A formal written demand clarifies the company\u2019s position and may facilitate negotiation or settlement before litigation. It should clearly state the facts, claimed damages, and a deadline for response.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5: Choose the Appropriate Legal Action (Civil \/ Criminal \/ Both)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Civil Action<\/strong> \u2013 To recover damages or claim compensation under Sections 1168 and 1169 of the Civil and Commercial Code.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Criminal Complaint<\/strong> \u2013 If conduct constitutes embezzlement or forgery under Sections 352, 353, or 264 of the Penal Code.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Strategic Consideration:<\/strong> In certain cases, pursuing both civil and criminal actions may strengthen negotiation leverage. However, evidence strength and potential business impact must be carefully assessed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Long Does Litigation Take?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The duration depends on transaction complexity, volume of evidence, and litigation strategy. Cases may take several months to several years. Early strategic planning and proper documentation can significantly improve efficiency and outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can a minority shareholder file a lawsuit?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In certain situations, a shareholder may file a derivative action on behalf of the company under Section 1169 if the company fails to act. Specific eligibility depends on the corporate structure and facts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What if there is insufficient documentation?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Begin with accessible financial records such as bank statements and accounting documents. Professional forensic review may help reconstruct transaction patterns and identify legal options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can civil and criminal proceedings be initiated simultaneously?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes, if both civil liability and criminal elements are present. Strategic coordination is important to avoid adverse procedural effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can a director be removed immediately?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Removal typically requires compliance with corporate procedures, including proper meetings and resolutions in accordance with applicable laws and company regulations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Need an Initial Legal Assessment?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you suspect embezzlement, forgery, or unauthorized transactions within your company, starting with structured evidence gathering and legal planning can minimize damage and provide clarity in decision-making.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contact a business law advisor to assess your legal options.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-default\" style=\"background-color:#e0b85c;color:#e0b85c\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About the Author<\/strong><br>Pattarapongpun Singkhamharn is a Corporate &amp; Commercial Lawyer in Thailand specializing in business disputes, director liability, and corporate advisory services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tel. | WhatsApp: +66 99 249 5989<br>LINE Official: @patt <br>Email: <a>info@thailandlawyer.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2763a6e2f48a9d50f4872567b03958e0\" style=\"background-color:#526a98\">Submit your inquiry and our legal team will respond promptly. All communications are treated with strict confidentiality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-contact-form-7-contact-form-selector\">\n<div class=\"wpcf7 no-js\" id=\"wpcf7-f551-o1\" lang=\"en-US\" dir=\"ltr\" data-wpcf7-id=\"551\">\n<div class=\"screen-reader-response\"><p role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><\/p> <ul><\/ul><\/div>\n<form action=\"\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26443#wpcf7-f551-o1\" method=\"post\" class=\"wpcf7-form init\" aria-label=\"Contact form\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\">\n<fieldset class=\"hidden-fields-container\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7\" value=\"551\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_version\" value=\"6.1.4\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_locale\" value=\"en_US\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_unit_tag\" value=\"wpcf7-f551-o1\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_container_post\" value=\"0\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_posted_data_hash\" value=\"\" \/>\n<\/fieldset>\n<p>Your Name (*)\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-name\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" value=\"\" type=\"text\" name=\"your-name\" \/><\/span><br \/>\nYour Email (*)\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-email\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-email wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-email\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" value=\"\" type=\"email\" name=\"your-email\" \/><\/span><br \/>\nSubject\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-subject\"><input size=\"40\" maxlength=\"400\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text\" aria-invalid=\"false\" value=\"\" type=\"text\" name=\"your-subject\" \/><\/span><br \/>\nYour Message\n<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-message\"><textarea cols=\"40\" rows=\"10\" maxlength=\"2000\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-textarea\" aria-invalid=\"false\" name=\"your-message\"><\/textarea><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p><input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-submit has-spinner\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Submit Inquiry\" \/>\n<\/p><div class=\"wpcf7-response-output\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Licensed Lawyers | Confidential Consultation | Serving International Clients<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Pattarapongpun Singkhamharn | Attorney-at-Law (Thailand)Corporate &amp; Commercial Practice Being defrauded by a business partner or company director is a serious issue, particularly in closely held companies with only a few shareholders. Such misconduct can directly affect cash flow, reputation, and the long-term stability of the business. This article provides a structured overview of the legal steps available under Thai law, including relevant statutory provisions, to help business owners make informed decisions before taking action. Note: If the matter involves&#8230; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thailandlawyer.com\/en\/business-partner-fraud-thailand\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Read More ><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26444,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-law","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What to Do If Your Business Partner Commits Fraud? | Legal Guide Thailand - Pattara &amp; Partners<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What should you do if your business partner commits fraud? 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